TASK ONE
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reference:
https://www.google.co.uk/?gws_rd=ssl#safe=strict&q=sport+development+definition
sport development is the act of promoting sport activities for the community, successful sports development. a successful sports development depends largely on effective affiliates and forms of networking throughout local and community and sometimes with professional sports team at either professional or semi professional level.
The mains aims of sport development are to recognise and take advantage of the unique role of sports within the community and the way it is able to be contribute to helping out the local community by offering sports opportunity and training to local people by presenting large groups of people with the opportunity to take part in sport.
the main priority group which sport developments looks to target, women, young people, 50+, disabled people and black minority and ethnic groups, sports development looks to target these groups as its these groups which may normally struggle to find sporting opportunities from their local community.
sports development is funded through the national lottery, the government and get an income 1.6 mill a week, this money which it gets is spread across the country and is then put into funding local clubs and hiring facilities in order to present and give people the chance to take part in different sports as well as looking to get them to develop their skills, this applies to people of all levels whether it be at foundation or elite level. however it is usually used to fund grassroots clubs to enable them to buy new equipment and get more involved.
sport development works along side FA, RFU and the LTA in ways to help get people involved in sports and increase participation numbers within various sports. for example the FA runs schemes to get people involved in football from a grassroots level in a way to get people playing football, the RFU, LTA also apply similar schemes in order to get young playing bath tennis and rugby from young ages as well as also recently launching similar initiatives to get old people to get people back into playing or getting active and exercise.
examples of groups which act In place of sport development are leisure leagues (football) back to hockey (hockey) back to netball (netball) sportivate (disabled and young sporting opportunities) . the back to hockey and back to netball schemes are in place in order to encourage get people of all ages particularly adult of all levels and abilities back to playing netball and hockey, as a way to keep active fit whilst also taking pat and looking for a way to get back into sport. sportivate is a lottery funded scheme (£56million) in order to present young and disabled people with opportunities to try different sports as well as helping people achieve the goals they want within sport, a scheme within the sportivate campaign which is run is the camps they do where people get 6-8 weeks of free sports coaching in a range of sports, such as golf tennis, athletics and free running as an attempt to increase participation numbers in this sport as well as give people the opportunities which they may not normally get to try new sports for the fist time.
Sport Development continuum
Aims of the sport development continuum.
The sport development continuum is a pyramid designed to highlight and show the different stages of sports levels throughout all levels. the main levels indicated on the sports pyramid are foundation, participation, performance, excellence. The aim of this pyramid is too help highlight and indicate the different levels of sport in which people play at and also highlights ways in which people are able to develop through the levels from foundation to elite/excellence level. The main aims and the purpose of the sport development continuum (pyramid) is to highlight different levels of sport participation and help to make it clear and easier to identify progression from different levels of participation as well as also making it easier to understand different abilities and their relevance to an individuals level participation.
Cross Cutting Agendas
A cross cutting agenda is a sports development scheme/initiative which that often have more than one purpose, as it aims to mix sporting aims with also improve social or cultural roles. The benefits of these cross cutting agenda is it helps tackles cultural and social issues through sport. by doing this it means that people are more proactive with getting involved to help the issues as well as help raise awareness and participation numbers within sport.
foundation is the base level and this reflects participants within sport who are only taking part in sport as an experience for learning skills, types of activity which include PE within school, Multi sports within sport camps and occasional activities. people who usually play sport at this level are only playing for leisure and don't play to a competitive level within sport and are only taking part in it for leisure and have no real goals set within the sport at this stage. An example of foundation initiatives would be "mars just play" or "mini kicks soccer" which focus getting juniors of all ages to get involved and playing football regardless of ability or gender, the main aim of this initiative is to get people playing football having fun, and enjoying themselves through sport (in this case football).
The next level up from foundation is participation is the next step up from foundation this is where people will now look to regularly take part in sporting activity throughout a sport club of some kind which presents the opportunity to regularly and consistently take part in sport, an example of this would be a local junior kids rugby side. A initiative scheme run by the FA is the many junior leagues and football camps which are set up across the country in order to get young people playing football from 7-18 year olds as well as introducing older kids 16+ to other ways into football and different roles such as through coaching or refereeing, these are run through various camps and evenings session which are in place to help give young people an introduction and taster into their options outside of playing football and trying to get people involved in the FA as well as providing guidance and telling people what to do in order to find a FA run course in order to pursue what they would like to do, FA run courses vary and cover all different aspects of the game such as, coaching, safeguarding, first aid, tutoring, media, refereeing.
The performance section is where young people begin to receive coaching and guidance through qualified coaches and staff and are also looking at focusing on one sport in order to develop and for enjoyment purposes also. This stage is also where individuals will begin too look at potentially moving onto a higher level within sport at their age group to potentially look to seek recognition at county then regional and possibly national level in the future, dependent on their ability and potential. An example of a sporting initiative at performance level would be the FA's find a club scheme FA's "find a club scheme" which aims to help young footballers find a local side so they can then play football regularly and then go onto develop their skills. schemes like the FA's find a club scheme are important as they help link with the next stage of developing young sportsmen and increasing the number of individuals who are funnelled into the next stage on the sports development pyramid.
The top level of the pyramid is the excellence or elite level, this level focusses on sportsman who have achieved and developed through all 3 previous stages of the sport development continuum, the amount of people who are able to compete and perform at the elite level are very few due to the high demands and ability which is needed. at this level the responsibilities are no longer based and upon the initiatives such as "back to hockey" or "chance to shine" but they're now based on the governing bodies so for football Development would now rely on the FA and within rugby the responsibilities for development would lie with the RFU.
Comparing through the sport development continuum.
Rugby
at foundation level within rugby when youngsters are first introduced into rugby they're not taught full contact 15 a side rugby they play small sided touch/tag rugby, the aims of this is to get people enjoying rugby more and getting more time on the ball as a result of the small sided games as well as allowing for more success to take place from a players individuals perspective (players are scoring more so it then raises self esteem and enjoyment levels) the aims of this also allows for development from 7 a side when they first start from 6-11 year olds before then progressing onto 12 a side from ages of 12-13 15 a side when they turn 13 all the way through to senior rugby. players at the younger ages are also not physically developed enough to play 15 a side full contact rugby on a full size pitch so the game is played on a smaller pitch they play touch instead of contact and the length of games are shortened in order to fit in with the individuals needs so the game is more fun and enjoyable for those taking part. the clubs run at foundation level may not be weekly and may only run once am month or only done within primary school through PE or after school clubs. at participation level is when players will then look to paly rugby more regularly (weekly basis) as its these sports clubs which they attend that then allow for the next progression on the sports development pyramid to take place. within rugby session are usually put on once a week through local sports clubs as well as initiatives such as the RFU touch rugby scheme encourages people to get involved in rugby and removes the fears people have with regards tackling, it shows people that they can still play rugby without having to get contact and tackled which is a fact that may put people off. taking part within rugby. It also acts as a development from touch to full contact as well as from the foundation to participation level. the performance section of the pyramid with regards to rugby reflects someone who is playing competitive rugby for a club on a weekly basis and is training regularly, within this stage the quality of session delivery will increase as you will be coached by qualified coaches who will help you to develop and potentially progress to the Elite/excellence level on the sport development continuum. The pathways and initiatives which are introduced to help people progress from performance level to elite level within rugby are the various number or development centres and academies throughout the country, the most recognisable one within English rugby is the England development centres in which performance facilities are based across the country (usually 1 In each region or county of the country) and the best players from the county/region are selected to attend the centres in order to receive professional coaching so they're then able to develop and reach their full potential. the best players from these development and performance centres are picked up by professional rugby clubs where they will receive coaching through the club and earn a scholarship through the club where as those who aren't not picked up by professional clubs are "dropped", many of the dropped players are picked up by semi professional rugby league teams dependent on availability and location which means they're still performing at excellence standard but only to the lower end, after being "dropped" or released from these performance and development centres players are helped by the RFU to find clubs so they are still ale to compete and play rugby at a good level rather than stop playing the game all together.
Football
at junior level within football they paly 5 a side at the youngest age group 5-7 year olds before then moving onto 7 aside from 8-1-0 years old , then 9 aside old from 11-13 years old then progressing into 11 a side from 13 all the way through to senior football (men's football). when players are first introduced at foundation level they paly with a much smaller "size 3" ball as it is easier for them to use as well as it being more suitable due to its smaller size and being lighter, as well as this the goals are also a lot smaller so that goalkeepers find it easier when playing and are able to gain confidence through not conceding as much which then will naturally increase enjoyment levels and participation numbers within the sport.
at participation level within football this is where juniors will get introduced to initiatives like "mini kicks" which encourages young kids to get involved and provides them with a start into playing football. within football through the participation stage schemes such as the FA's "find a club scheme" which aims to help young footballers find a local side so they can then play football regularly and then go onto develop their skills. schemes like the FA's find a club scheme are important as they help link with the next stage of developing young sportsmen and increasing the number of individuals who are funnelled into the next stage on the sports development pyramid, this schemes is a huge part of helping players progress to performance level through being able to find a sport club to play competitive football in and get involved in playing Football.
at performance level is where people begin to play at Sunday league level with a local side to look too develop and improve as they reach under 14 and above level they must then be coached by a minimum of a FA level 2 qualified coach so the quality of coaching at this level increases meaning development of players ability and the number of players who are able to progress from performance to elite level increase form the ages of 10-16 players are usually scouted by professional clubs to be a part of their academies, those who are picked up by academies receive professional coaching until the age of 16 where they are either signed on like a scholarship or are released, the released players then are left to either find a club of their own or just stop playing football all together are find a clubs form themselves, they receive no guidance from he FA or their clubs with regard's to their future, some players picked up by semi professional clubs or other academies but this is becoming increasingly unlikely in the modern age as there is now less progression from academy football into men's senior/professional clubs sue to the influx of wealth and money within the modern game. excellence level schemes which are currently in place are things like "Sports recruiting USA" which focuses on finding youth players who have been released from clubs and looks to send them out to college and university in America, the aim of this schemes is too give players a pathway an experience within football so people are able to still achieve their potential within football. these type of recruitment schemes are huge within the UK as so many players rare leased by academies each year and so many atop playing football all together so its important schemes like this are in place to help keep particapitpation numbers high within football at semi professional and professional level.
Golf
at foundation level within golf, schemes such as "welcome to golf" give players as introduction into the game of golf as well as providing teaching and lessons in order to help increase participation numbers which is a big issue within modern golf. "welcome to golf is a nationwide run scheme which focuses on getting junior golfers playing and developing their skills, competitive golf competitions are introduced until the are of 11 so at this age it surely about playing golf and having fun, due to the size of modern courses lesson with "welcome to golf" usually take place on driving ranges as this help young people get a feel for the ball and helps them have more fun and enjoyment when playing golf. at participation and performance level is where competition takes place their is no real difference between the to two as golf is played with ages groups going from 10-14 15-19 and 21 and over (men's senior golf) so the pathways aren't as significant as in football and rugby as their is no local club to join as a team its about playing regularly and having fun. at ages 10-14 the courses which are played on are usually short 9 hole par 3 courses as players at this age are usually not physically developed enough in order too play on a full size course however from ages15 and above they play on full size 18 hole courses. the reason that age groups are so broad within golf is because of the handicap system which enables for players of al different abilities to have a fair fun and even game. the development in golf to elite level isn't clear as it is primarily down to individual work with the help of coaches, in order to get onto the professional tour circuit you must attend qualifying events in order to be able to play on the professional tour and their are also amateur qualifying events which is the equivalent to semi professional within rugby and football. few players are able to progress onto the top of the elite level due to the lack of funding and the money which is required to compete at the highest professional level.
Comparison of all 3 sports
all three sports are similar in the sense that they all have foundation programs which helps juniors for them to find a way into each sport (football, golf, rugby) as well as offer the opportunities to everyone so everyone Is given a chance. another way the sports are similar is that the sports are changed at junior level so that those taking part can enjoy the game more as it is more relevant to their needs as well as acting as good way to be able to progress into the full sixe sports, like in football and rugby the number of players on each team increases as they get older and as they develop before reaching full sided games just like in golf where they then move onto a full sized course. golf is different to football and rugby as the quality of coaching is much higher but isn't as easy to come by as there are less qualified golf coaches within the country.
Foundation
at foundation level all 3 sports are similar in the sense that all offer foundation level initiatives in order to get people involved in sport and too try it out and get a feel for what its about. as well as this they also have national governing bodies to be able to research initiatives at foundation level within the sport as well as providing guidance to other ways to get involved within sport. however the sports are different at foundation as golf is not funded as well as football and rugby due to the cost of equipment needed to take part in golf, because of this it means that the foundation level of golf is not as big and prominent meaning that participation numbers at foundation level within golf (junior level) is much lower compared to the number of players who play rugby and football at foundation, golf is also seen as lesser known sport compared to rugby and football meaning its another reason why participation numbers at foundation level of golf. foundation level of all these sports are the same as it is playing the sport with little understanding and just starting to get into, this level is not competitive and also at this level you wont be playing for a club or in competitions.
Participation
at participation level of the three sports (football rugby and golf) are all similar as this is the stage where people begin to play the sport more often and look to get involved and playing on a regular basis through the sporting initiatives which are also present at foundation level. The difference however is that within golf because it is an individual sport unlike football and rugby, both team sports, there aren't local sports clubs to join like football and rugby, for example if someone wanted to start playing rugby then they would go to there local club and look to join a side relevant to their age group and ability, this however isn't possible within golf due to the lack of junior funding within the sport.
Performance
Within performance level this is where the quality of coaching increases drastically from participation level, its at this level where all coaches all relevantly qualified to coach a deliver the quality of sessions needed in order to allow for players to develop and improve. most rugby and Football coaches will be level 2 qualified or above and teachers within Golf are PGA qualified (professional golf association), the standard of coaching at this level is key as it is essential that coaching is relevant and of a good standard in order to ensure players able to develop onto the next stage of the sport development continuum. At this level you will be playing sport weekly and playing competitive fixtures within all sports so in rugby and football you will be playing in a league and cup competition and in golf you'll be practicing 1-3 times a week and playing in around 2-5 competitions a month. the level
Elite
At elite level within football and rugby this means you will be playing at regional level or national level at either semi professional standard, this means the individual is at the highest level and is now making a living or earning some money and partially funding their living through playing sport. in football this means you are playing within the top 9 tiers of English football (premier league, championship, league 1 , league 2, national league, national league north/south, north/south premier league, north south division 1, north/east and south/west county league) and within rugby It means you're playing within levels 1-5 (super league, championship, league 1, conference league, regional leagues). playing at elite level in golf is different to football as it is self funded as you have to pay entries fees and travel cost in order to get to the big competitions, however once you turn professional you will receive sponsorship which should then subsidise the cost of these travel and entries fees into competitions.
